Management Structure At Habib Bank Limited Commerce Essay

Management Structure At Habib Bank Limited Commerce Essay HBL is the largest bank in Pakistan which has 1450 branches in Pakistan and 55 branches in all over the world. HBL head office is situated in Karachi, Pakistan, the first capital city of Pakistan. HBL commonly referred as HBL Pakistan. HBL is mainly do functions in commercial banking. Commercial Banking means that it accepts deposits from investors and creditors and lending loans to borrowers, which may sometimes common public and mostly the well established industries and organizations, takes loan to fulfill their expenditures. History: *********** The founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, make a perception that their must one financial intermediation which helps the Muslims of India before the separation of Pakistan and India. So the HBL came into being in 1942 at Bombay. Then, Jinnah after the seperation of Pakistan and India decided to move the head of HBL in Pakistan, so the first bank opens in Pakistan at Karachi, which is the first capital of Pakistan at that time. Then the HBL Bank nationalized and intertwined with Habib Bank (overseas) by the government of Pakistan. HBL privatized their bank in 1991. Vision and Mission: ************************* Our vision is to satisfy our customers with services so well that they came to our company again and again. They feel comfortable with our services at customer value and satisfaction. HBL mission is to satisfy customers in such a way that they feel prosperity to come again and again in our business. HBL divides their values in five categories: Excellence Integrity Customer focus Meritocracy Progressiveness Excellence in HBL is that we must maintain our services in excellence to keep us within the market. Integrity in HBL is they must have to maintain their sincerity and truthfulness in the market otherwise the customer give importance to our opponent banks. Customer focus in HBL is that they must identify the customer needs, wants and demands and to fulfill their needs at customer value and satisfaction. Meritocracy in HBL is that they must have to give oppurtunities to their employees and must believe in them to increase their production. Progressiveness in HBL is that they must have to introduce new products and methods in their and to introduce new innovative ideas and to implement to give new qualities services. Management: ****************** Management in business is to get more and more peoples and together them for a same purpose that is getting things or goals done with the available resources that the company has, to produce the profit. Management is very important part of any company. Its main focus is to manage the employees, make policies, standards, and motivate employees to fulfill their tasks. Management Functions: ******************************* Management performs four kinds of tasks, which are as follows: Planning Organizing Leading Controlling Planning is to make policies, standards, regulations in the company. This is mainly done by the top-level managers. They make the policies and give it to middle managers to implement those policies within the organization. Organizing is to organize the schedule on the daily basis, and to make operations within the organization and distribute them to employees to perform their tasks. Organizing is basically managing of companys tasks, goals and objectives. Staffing some analysts thinks as the third function of management, but some say that they are not part of management. Staffing in each and every business is to arrange and fix the employees in the right post what qualities the employee has. Leading is to lead the business in order to acquire the goals and objectives and to maximize their profits. Leading is mainly done by the supervisors who cooperate with employees at regular basis. Controlling is the process by management controls the company performances and explains them to fulfill their tasks according to company policies and regulations. This is mainly done top-level, middle- level and first-level managers. The HBL is also performing this management functions to fulfill their tasks, goals, and objectives. Management Skills: ************************* The skills which must be required in managers to appoint them as managers are: Technical skills Political skills Interpersonal skills Conceptual skills Diagnostic skills Technical skills are that managers must have specialized knowledge which are required for the managers post. Political skills must be required in managers post to keep the power in their area to manage operations and to establish connections. Conceptual skills are by the managers to search the conceptual problems in the company and to resolve these problems. Interpersonal skills are used to communicate with the employees, and to motivate, and to supervise them in their problems. In order to manage the routine employees problems managers must have interpersonal skills, because in order to resolve this complexes managers must have to communicate with the employees. Diagnostic ability helps him to choose the most appropriate response in any situation. If they judge the mistaken or wrong answer to this it means that they has less ability to pick the select the right choice in the complex situations. In HBL managers they have these skills in order to manage their companys position in the market and to give appropriate oppurtunities to employee, so they feel satisfaction in the company. Basic Roles: **************** The basic roles which managers must adopt are: Interpersonal Roles Informational Roles Decisional Roles Interpersonal Roles as we discuss before interpersonal skills, same to that in this manner that managers role is to coordinate with their employees, and make an interaction between them. Informational Roles are that the managers must handle, share information with the companies employees to gain the companies objectives and goals in a better way, because if the employee knows about these things they put their full efforts in gaining these goals. Decisional Roles are that the managers must have the ability of take decisions in complex situations and take the appropriate decisions. In Habib Bank Limited, there managers have these roles in order to maintain their company operations. Levels of management: ****************************** In any organizations there are at least three level of management: Top-Level Management Middle-Level Management First-Level Management Top-Level Management usually involves the management which takes decisions about the policies, regulations, objectives and goals of the companies. They are board of directors, chief executive managers, president, vice president and much more. Middle-Level Management usually works as the middle management who tells about the policies, goals and objectives of company, which are set by top-level management to the lower-level management. They are mainly responsible to give details information about the company operations to the top-level management. They are normally branch managers, operation managers, finance managers and much more. First-Level Management is responsible to complete the tasks of the day to day basis business. They usually assign the tasks to the employees and if they have any problems they supervise or assist them to solve that problem. They are also responsible to the daily production of the company. In HBL bank they have these management levels in their company to make policies, implement those policies and for managing the day to day work. The following diagram explains the management levels in HBL bank. SWOT Analysis: ********************* This analysis is necessary in every organization to assess about their internal and external affairs. They are usually used to the advantages and disadvantages in business due to internal problems and external that is daily changes in market. The SWOT analysis is distributed into four categories, such as: Strengths Weaknesses Oppurtunities Threat Strengths are used to examine the advantages of any business. Weaknesses are used to examine the weakness in any business or company, to check which problems they are facing today and they can manage them. Oppurtunities means to check what kind of oppurtunities the company is giving to its employees and customers, and also it involves the job seekers. Threat is used to examine that which kind of threats the company is facing today and which they will face in future. After discovering them, the next step is to take steps to resolve with such threats e.g., if the opponent starts giving their services at less price. In Habib Bank Limited they are also using SWOT analysis to check the strengths, weaknesses, oppurtunities and threats, and after that they take steps to eliminate the weaknesses and threats and also to improve and increase their strengths and oppurtunities. The following diagram explains you the SWOT analysis in HBL Bank: Production or Operation: ******************************** Production or operation is done on the daily basis to give valuable services to customers at customer value and satisfaction. Basically the operation manager is responsible for these. They supervise employees and assign them the tasks on the daily basis to get the required goals and objectives. You can see the production process in this: Input Transformation Output The steps involved which a company or organization must examine are: Quality Management Scheduling Forecasting Design Layout Quality management is important field or area in production department. By giving the quality services or products advantage the company in this manner, to gain customer loyalty. This operation is done by the operation manager. Scheduling is done by the operation manager. In this field, the manager makes the schedules to save the wastage of time by dividing the operations in suitable levels, which is divided in such manner to save as much time as possible in operations. Forecasting method is used to forecast about future events by examining the past experience. By this method the operation managers make decisions that what steps they have to take to increase their production level. Design is that the company changes their services on the routine basis to get more satisfaction from customers. To keep them within the market they must have to focus on this area because in todays rapidly changing markets effect our position in the market if we do not focus on this area. Layout is basically the arrangement of structure. It basically presents a good atmosphere look of the company to the customers to attract them. HBL is also focusing on the operation area strongly. They basically deal with the services and want to improve them in this field for providing best quality services in the market. For this they are focusing them on quality management, scheduling, forecasting, design, and layout methods. Functions in HBL: *********************** HBL Bank offers different services to its customers e.g., commercial banking, corporate banking, Investment banking, Retail banking, Treasury banking, and Islamic banking. Commercial banking in which HBL bank accepts deposits from investors and lending loans to borrowers. Corporate banking focusing on giving the facility of cash management and payroll services to the customers. Investment banking in which the lends their loans and the other ways in which they can invest their deposits to get interest e.g., in stock exchange. Retail banking is the most important function of HBL bank, because in this aspect the HBL provides the least cost deposit to open a new account. Treasury banking in HBL is used basically to manage the capital risk and to prepare balance sheet statements in order to manage assets and liabilities of company. Islamic banking services are also given in HBL bank at customers demand. Marketing: ************* Marketing in companies plays an important role. Companies use this to identify the customers needs, and to know about changing markets, and to make strong customer relations, and make marketing mix programs etc. Definition: ************* Marketing is making some policies and strategies to sell their goods in the market at customer value and satisfaction. Needs and Wants: *********************** Think about what you really need. In marketing we must have to identify the needs of customers and satisfy them and sell at profitable value. Needs involve the physical needs like food, clothing, safety etc. Wants are needs that are different in every person because of their personality and culture background. Demands are that people wants quality products that satisfy their needs at customer value. HBL Bank is focusing in all of these aspects to provide quality service to their customers. Marketing Mix: ******************* Marketing mix involves four steps, which is also known as 4 Ps, are as under: Price Product Placement Promotion Price plays a vital part in marketing mix. In order to maintain their Services, company must maintain their prices rates to sell their products and services to customers at customer satisfaction value. Product is the brand or service which the company is going to introduce in market to get responses from customers. Products are normally introduced by the company after gaining knowledge of the peoples needs and wants. Placement is that after choosing the brand or service which the company is going to introduce in market, the company decide that where they place this product or service in market. Promotion is the last step of marketing mix, in which the company promotes its product or service by advertisement in newspapers, TV commercials and much more. The HBL bank provides many types of facilities to customers in products, from which the two are discussed as follows: Debit Card Master Card HBL introduced Debit Card service to give him the service to use this card as payment tool. By this they can withdraw cash from ATM machines without waiting for his money at the cashier point. HBL also provides the facility of Master Card, by which they can buy their basic needs, also if they have no cash. This card is like a bank loan which the customer has to pay at a specified date. Debit Cards and Credit Card images are follows: Segmentation: ******************* Segmentation is that marketers distribute their services or products into segments, which they do after a research that in which segment which product or service is best to introduce. Peoples needs, wants and demands in different regions is different due to culture, personality, basic needs and much more. HBL bank is also focusing in the segmentation method to fulfill the different needs of peoples of different regions. For Example HBL bank provides the facility of online banking in 650 branches out of 1450 branches. Promotion: *************** Promotion in marketing is to put an impression of the company or brand or services in peoples mind. HBL is also doing such kind of activities. For Example Jahan Khawab Wahan HBL. Human Resource Management: **************************************** More and more companies are demanding to appoint skilled persons to functions of their company in a proper manner, to get the desired goals. For this they are mainly focusing on different areas to get the appropriate employees for their companies. Human resource management also referred as personnel management. The functions which the Human Resource Management is focusing are listed as follows: Current Assessment Job Analysis Recruitment and Selection process Training Development Performance Management Compensation Employee Relation Current Assessment: *************************** In Current Assessment method the human resource manager search Where and which department the company needs more skill posts. Current Assessment method is also used for forecasting our future by examining the past experience. They also make forecasting how much employee leaves our company this year and how much employees retire this year. Job Analysis: ****************** In Job Analysis human resource collect a list of specifications means which skills and duties are needed for that post. For the collection of data they use two kinds of searching The Interview Questionnaires In the interview method the human resource manager takes the Interview of individual employees, group of employees, supervisors who have the knowledge about that post. In the questionnaire the human resource manager give questions to employees to fill the questions. After collecting all the related data they make the job description after consulting with that data. Job description is basically involves all the tasks and responsibilities which the hiring employee will perform. Job Specification is also the area of Job Analysis, in which the human resource manager makes the specifications which are required for that post. This involves education, skills, personality, aptitudes and much more. Recruitment Selection Process: ******************************************* Recruitment process is that how we attract people to collect the pool of candidates to complete the work. First we examine the internal resources that we choose any specific person from inside the company for a particular post. Second way is that utilize our external resources to hire a suitable candidate for a particular post e.g., through advertisement, through internet or through newspapers adds we collect pool of candidates. The following picture explains you the process which the HBL bank is using in their recruitment and selection process. In the HBL bank recruitment process they after planning make a perception that which vacancy is going to fill. They get this information after making a proper examining of job analysis area, which they had prepared to identify the skills and duties that are required. First they collect the pool of candidates which are appropriate for their posts in which they want to hire employees. HBL uses both the internal resources and d external resources as well to collect suitable candidates for jobs, to meet our goals and objectives in a better way. In the external resources, HBL bank uses the advertising e.g., by newspapers, Trade and Professional Journals (Aurora Magazine), Internet job sits like (Rozee.pk). They are using another oppurtunities to hire candidates from outside sources e.g., Sidat Hyder Morched Association are working for HBL bank to search suitable candidates from outsourcing, or through College Recruitment the, HBL bank hire the final semester students from LUMS University and Lahore School of Commerce, by sending their selected employees who make surveys to these colleges to collect the suitable pool of candidates. Selection: ************** After finishing the recruitment area, means after selecting the suitable pool of candidates, the next step taken is to select the most suitable candidate for this job. In HBL bank selection board selects the suitable candidates from the pool of candidates by examining their CV are which are submitted to them. The first step which is taken in the selection process is screening. Through the screening process the organizations select the appropriate candidates for that post. After screening process the organizations takes a test. In HBL bank after short listing suitable candidates they call them for an interview and test. The methods which are used for interviews are: Structured Interview Unstructured Interview In the structured interview, the interviewer makes a planned interview that which questions they are going to ask from candidates. In the unstructured interview, they did not prepare that which questions they are going to ask, except this they ask questions from candidates as they feel it is necessary to ask from candidates. In HBL bank they also use these methods to take an interview of candidates. It depends on the interviewer that which means they are going to use to take an interview from candidates. Either they are going to use: Panel Interview One-to-One Interview Mass Interview Panel Interview in which two or more than two peoples takes interview from candidates. In one-to-one or face-to-face interview, only one person takes the interview of candidates. In Mass Interview, they take two or more candidates interview at the same time. After taking interviews, they take tests of candidates to get the knowledge about candidates skills and common sense. The types of tests they take in this are: Cognitive tests Intelligent Quotient test Aptitude test Personality test Training Development: ******************************** Developing is the process by which organizations groom their existing employees skills, and to train the new comers about how they will have to done their tasks. The difference is that we use training to train new comers about how they will have to do their tasks, but we develop the existing employees skills to perform their tasks with more efficiency. The methods which are normally used in HBL bank for training are: On-the-Job Training Off-the-Job Training Apprenticeship Training Informal lectures Effective lectures On-the-Job Training means to train the employees on the job, when they are performing their tasks. Off-the-Job Training means is the vice versa of on-the-job training, that is not given during the job. They are normally specified for managerial posts not for ordinary employees. Apprenticeship training in which the employees are trained by the coordination of classroom instructions and on-the-job training. Informal learning is that the most of the labor gains knowledge by informal means during their job. Effective lectures are given in HBL bank routinely to make their employees efficient to perform their tasks in an effective way. Performance Management: ********************************** It is the responsibility of the human resource management to prepare the procedures for performance management. Performance Management is used to compare the employees current and past performance in perspective of performance standards. HBL bank is also focusing in this area in this manner that they also check the performance of their employees on the routine basis. They also award rewards and bonuses to the employees, if they perform their given tasks in an effective manner. Compensation: ******************** Compensations are salaries, wages, rewards, and bonuses which are given to the employees by the organization for performing their tasks in an effective manner. HBL bank compensates to its employees in two perspectives: Direct Financial Payments Indirect Financial Payments In the direct financial payment the HBL pays directly to the employees their salaries, wages, rewards, and bonuses in cash. In the indirect financial payments they do not give cash directly, but in the way of services e.g., medical, insurance, residence, car fuel etc. Employee Relation: ************************* Employee Relations is to produce employee relationship among the employee and employer, and managers. To build employee relation the HBL provides two facilities: They build employee relationship by interpersonal communication between employees. The second one is that they perform to solve the conflicts between employees and to build strong employee relations between them. Finance: ************ Finance basically performs two types of tasks: First is the collection of Capital Second one is allocation of Finance In the first category, the finance managers collect Capital from the investors or creditors. HBL bank is basically a commercial bank, so it collects cash from creditors who deposit their money in banks. After the collection of capital, the next step which is taken by the finance manager is where they invest this capital to earn profit. In HBL bank they lends their deposits to the borrowers, who may be common person or also taken by the industries to meet their expenditures. HBL bank invests their deposits in these categories: Auto Finance Personal Loans Flexi Loans Housing Loans New Jubilee Life Insurance: ************************************ HBL also combines them with NJI Life Insurance to launch two more products in markets. Amaan Tabeer Amaan is the service provided by HBL bank to those persons who are retired from their jobs. Basically it is retirement focus policy which introduces you with the services to meet your desires or dreams e.g., to purchase a new car, to go for world tour etc. Tabeer is the service, which is provided by the HBL bank to secure your childs future in education and marriage needs. Service Quality Department: ************************************ The service quality department is used to improve and differentiate our business in the market with our services that we provide to our customers. In todays world it is very difficult to establish an image of your organization in the market easily. This is because of the changing habits of peoples in our environment. The changeness in the peoples behavior is also affected by his family, culture, background and many other things. Thus in order to improve company skills in this department the HBL bank is providing some facilities, which are as under: Staff service Dress Code observance Mystery shoppers Customer service recognition programs Service crisis Management Suggestions: ****************** The HBL banking online banking is charging some cost. The advice is that in order to improve his customer services, they must reduce their costs on online banking. HBL introduces first time the Tele-banking service for their customers. But my suggestion is that when the customer use the Tele-banking service, the answer which he/she receives mostly that the operator is busy, please wait for sometime. HBL bank must have to take steps to improve their Tele-banking service sector. HBL introduces the college recruitment in his bank to get the latest pool of candidates available in the market. But my suggestion is that they must have to improve this service, because the process method of college recruitment is too slow. The HBL bank promotion process is too slow, because they give fewer opportunities to employees to exceed in their jobs. My suggestion is that HBL bank must have to change his promotion policies; otherwise they lose employee satisfaction in their company. The another problem which the customer are facing, that their most ATM machines networks are not working properly. So they must have to repair their network services or to replace the ATM machines.

Family Value Paper Essay

Family is a term that can be defined differently by every person. In health care, family does not always mean individuals related by blood; instead, a family is seen as a support system to an individual that is in a state of compromised health (Friedman, Bowden, & Jones 2003). The family’s role in a healthcare setting can vary depending on the client’s condition. In the intensive care unit, the family plays a big role, especially for the patients who lose their abilities to provide self-care and make decisions. On the contrary, the family’s role is different in a step-down unit, in which clients are in a more stable condition. As a healthcare worker, it is important to understand the role of family concept, family system, and the application of an appropriate family nursing theory. Concept of Family in Health Promotion: Families come in many different sizes and dynamics. Family is more than individuals living under the same roof. It is a support system for all aspects of health. A healthy family can play a big role in a family member’s health recovery by coming together as one support system to promote healing and help the individual achieve health goals, since one key function of the family system in healthcare includes health promotion and prevention (Friedman, Bowden, & Jones 2003). However, families react and manage issues connected to healthcare based on values and culture. According to Friedman, Bowden, and Jones (2003), â€Å"health behaviors, attitudes, and values are learned in the family† (P. 49). In addition, according to Ross, Mirowsky, and Goldsteen (1990), â€Å"a family is an economic unit bound together by emotional tie, and health is described as a state of emotional and physical well-being† (P. 159). Therefore, the family system is a well-balanced unit, and the relations found in a family system are so complicatedly tied together that a little change in any one part surely results in changes in the whole family system (Friedman, Bowden, & Jones 2003). Concept Used in Area of Nursing Practice: The concept of family most used in a hospital setting is family as context. Depending on the family dynamics and the support from family members, family can be viewed as a resource to the patient, and in some cases family can be  viewed as a stressor. However, in most cases, family plays an important role in the environment and care of a patient. Working in the Oncology/ Intensive care unit (ICU) Step-Down Unit, I have learned that the family support is very important for the patient and staff as well. In my unit, the nursing staff considers the clients and their families as one unit, and they care for them as a unit. Most of the clients have either chronic diseases or terminal illnesses, and they bounce back into the hospital quickly. Families are constantly being educated because most of the time, there is the question of compliance with the treatment regimen. For example, if a congestive heart failure (CHF) patient takes their medication, such as diuretics, on time, follows a low-salt diet, and keeps up with their physician appointment on a regular schedule, then they will not have to be in the hospital all the time with a fluid overload and shortness of breath problems. Families are education along with patients through lectures and reading material. Therefore, everyone is aware of the benefits and risks of health promotion. Sometimes, we also discharge patients home on ventilators from my unit. Ventilators require a large amount of education from the nursing staff to make sure the families are ready with all the necessary information and education needed to provide quality care of their loved ones at home. Family members are included in the plan of care and patient care from the day of hospitalization. Therefore, when it is time for discharge, family members and patients are ready. Theory Conducive to Area of Nursing Practice: Florence Nightingale’s environmental theory is very helpful in my area of nursing practice. She stresses the important of environmental factors in illness and health (Selanders, 2010). This theory is best because in the ICU Step-Down Unit, the environment is very important. Most of the patients are on ventilators that breath for them or have trouble breathing. Therefore, the environment around them must be as normal as possible. The rooms must be kept organized, clean, and odorless from scents such as bleach, perfume, or cologne. These patients are connected with many lines, wires, and cords. All lines, cords, and wires must be arranged to keep the patients free from injury, and they must also be plugged into emergency outlets only in case there is ever a power failure. During discharge planning, especially for  patients who are on ventilators, it is important that the nursing staff and discharge planner assesses the home environment and patient’s safety at home. The home environment must be checked for an adequate power supply to maintain the ventilator machine. Conclusion Whenever an individual is hospitalized, no matter how sick he or she is, the emotional stress on the patient and the family can be very overwhelming. In nursing, we care for clients and their families. The family system plays an important role in promoting, preventing, and recovering a family member’s health. We, as healthcare providers, must involve the family into nursing care. Also, practicing nursing care based on theories such as those of Florence Nightingale can help healthcare providers to make sure that they have done everything for the positive outcome of the patient’s health and safety. References Friedman, M.M., Bowden, V.R., & Jones, E.G. (2003). Family nursing: Research, Theory, & Practice (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice – Hall. Ross, C., Mirowsky, J., & Goldesteen, K. (1990, November). The Impact of Family on Health: The Decade in Review. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52(), 1058-1060. Selanders, L.C. (2010, March). The Power of Environmental adaptation: Florence Nightingale’s Original Theory for Nursing Practice. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 28(1), 81-88.

Hitler s Impact On Germany - 1489 Words

Life in Germany was worse after Hitler had joined the Nazi Party between the years of 1933 and 1939 because he had his own ideas on how he wanted Germany to be that went against the democracy. Before the Nazis came about, Germany was controlled by the Weimar Republic, the newly formed Government system that had taken over from the monarchy. Adolf Hitler helped improve Germany by giving full employment and economic growth, regaining territory that they had previously lost, increasing their pride, and successfully hosting and performing in the 1936 Olympics. Though there were many positives, there were also many negatives with the loss of freedom, individuals being arrested for simply saying something against the Nazis, and the economic growth being solely focused on military needs. As a whole, the decisions Adolf Hitler made had more of a negative impact on Germany than a positive impact as the affects of the Totalitarian rule cannot compare to the positives that he did bring to Germa ny. The Weimar Republic was weak and all of Germany were going through hardships because of the Treaty of Versailles where they had to pay back repatriations. The Great Depression also put Germany further under leaving people with no jobs therefore no money coming in. Hitler promised the people of Germany work to those unemployed, the expansion of the army, a feeling of unity, that he would tear up the Treaty of Versailles, and restore Germany’s glory and strength (Sheridan, 2015, Slides 38 andShow MoreRelatedDystopian Societies And Progression Towards Equality Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pagessadistic and mass murdering dictator? Adolf Hitler, during his time of power, was responsible for millions of deaths and leading Germany into a dystopian society. 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Besides my personality, I have a Jewish background, so I want t o know more about his insight. While we ate at the restaurant, Hitler shared some significant

Business Plan Events Management - 4893 Words

Business Plan Grand Events Management [pic] Sobeyah Shah Grand Events Management House 143, Street 7, F-7, Jinnah Super, Islamabad, Pakistan. Telephone : 051-2481215 E-Mail : gem@hotmail.com Website : www.gem.com.pk Table of Contents I. Table of Contents 3 II. Executive Summary 4 III. General Company Description 5 IV. Products and Services 6 V. Marketing Plan 7 VI. Operational Plan 15 VII. Management and Organization 19 VIII. Personal Financial Statement 20 IX. Startup Expenses and Capitalization 21 X. Financial Plan 22 XI. Appendices 25 Executive Summary Grand Events Management is an organization which is one of the rare events planning organizations of†¦show more content†¦Services Grand Events Management a.k.a GEM is a service providing company which provides services of planning and arranging various events. Gem includes planning events such as concerts, fashion shows, weddings, birthdays etc. It covers almost all events. GEM plans events A-Z leaving no worries for the client. Each and every detail is considered, planned and implied. There are vast themes of events for the clients to choose from. As mentioned before the idea that our company covers a wide range of events will give us competitive advantage. Another fact that will give us competitive advantage is going to be that we have low competition yet. Our Fee of an event will largely depend on the size of the event and that amount of work required doing. It will range from 30,000 rupees to 100,000 rupees along with the budget the clients would provide for buying from and dealing with various vendors. Marketing Plan Market research In our market research we utilized both the primary and secondary research. In secondary research we were able to figure out the process of planning an event, how to organize it? Etc. As far as primary research is concerned we conducted several interviews and surveys to find out how much people prefer events planner especially concerning weddings. 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The Success Of The Boston Tea Party Essay - 1707 Words

â€Å"Never underestimate the power of a small group of committed people to change the world. In fact, it is the only thing that ever has,† (Carp, 2010). The words of Margaret Mead, the American Cultural Anthropologists, summarize most historical events where people unite towards a purpose. The cultural identity of a country is molded when its people unite for a cause; one such event is the Boston Tea Party. The Boston Tea party is an important watershed in American history, one that determined the American identity forever. The establishment of independence from British colonization however did not happen overnight. The uprising was organized, carried out, and led by Samuel Adams (political philosopher) and a group of Patriots. Under the leadership of Samuel Adams and his compatriots, also known as the Sons of Liberty, on December 16th 1773, 5,000 people gathered at the Old South Meeting House to plan the Boston Tea Party. 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Ibm Marketing Mix (Denmark) Free Essays

Marketing: Foundations and applications Course code: BMAN-20390 Marketing analysis of IBM 1. 0 Thesis statement â€Å"Evaluate the marketing strategy of a blue-chip company you are familiar with. Your evaluation should critically discuss the concept of the marketing mix as applied to your chosen organisation and at least one other academic marketing theory. We will write a custom essay sample on Ibm Marketing Mix (Denmark) or any similar topic only for you Order Now † 2. 0 Limitations IBM is a very large organization so the planning process of a marketing strategy that is coherent with the corporate strategy is made complicated and difficult because IBM operates in a number of significantly different markets.I have therefore since I am an employee of IBM Denmark decided that this is the â€Å"strategic business unit† that I am going to analyze in terms of their marketing strategy. Furthermore the portfolio of products that IBM Denmark supplies ranges from everything to hardware sales, software sales and consultancy services. There might be a significant difference in the way these products are promoted, and I have therefore narrowed it further down to focus on the tertiary activities, meaning the marketing strategy of the consultancy services (in IBM known as GBS – Global Business Services). This limitation is convenient because it allows me to properly analyze the marketing strategy in this given area – as opposed to making an analysis based upon IBM as a whole with their entire portfolio of products, as this would not be fulfilling in a 2500 word essay. 3. 0 Preface IBM mission statement: â€Å"At IBM, we strive to lead in the invention, development, and manufacture of the industry’s most advanced information technologies, including computer systems, software, storage systems, and microelectronics.We translate these advanced technologies into value for our customers through our professional solutions, services, and consulting businesses worldwide†. From the mission statement above we can conclude that IBM wants to be a leader on the blue-chip market – which we in terms of their size can conclude they are close to being. In the following essay the reader will be introduced to the marketing strategy of IBM. Furthermore the reader will be intro duced to a SWOT analysis, in which it will be discussed and concluded which strategic position IBM has on the current market. In regards to the limitation above this will be an analysis based upon IBMs services provision in Denmark. The reader will find out that the classical approach with the 4ps of marketing doesn’t really apply to this part of the business that IBM conducts. Instead an additional three Ps has been added, and these will be discussed as well. SWOT Analysis One of the trustiest tools in business is the SWOT analysis. Corporations takes a calm, cool look down at the organisations Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threat’s.Then they seek to capitalise on the strengths, eliminate the weaknesses, seize the best opportunities and counter the threats. Figure 4. 1 is a SWOT analysis of the global business services for IBM, and the end result of this analysis should help us to give a clear view of IBM’s strategic position on the market, which we then can use to discuss their marketing strategy. Figure 4. 1 – IBM DK GBS SWOT Strengths: IBM Denmark has been on the Danish market since 1950 – which leaves them with a significant amount of experience of the market.The wide range of their strategic competencies runs from everything from hardware-sales to business consultancy, the latter being one of their profitable areas of expertise. Furthermore IBM DK has a leading position on the Danish services market, being one of the biggest consultancy houses in the country. It is the combination of its size and experience on the market that leaves them to be one of the preferred business partners in Denmark and in the rest of the world. IBM Denmark like most companies believes it is necessary to have a talented workforce. IBM is present at local universities promoting themselves with the purpose of future recruitment. Through this initiative they attract the students they believe is prospects as future IBM leaders, and sign them off before their competitors. Furthermore IBM is extremely flexible, meaning that leaders across country borders are stationed in different parts of the world. A lot of IBM DKs top leaders are individuals who have a history with IBM, but only in a different SBU. Weaknesses: Being located in Denmark one is urged to believe that it is inevitable to have high operating costs, especially labour cost.Denmark does have one of the highest salary rates in the world. And with a personnel count of nearly 5. 000 people this results in big money. Opportunities: With the increased focus on the environment in recent years – IBM must be innovative and continue to lead the market by supplying greener solutions to their customers. A growing body of evidence asserts that corporations can do well, by doing good. IBM must differentiate their brand and reputation as well as their products and services, by taking responsibility for the wellbeing of the societies and environments in which they operate.Practicing corporate social responsibility can generate significant returns to their business. Furthermore if IBM could reduce their operating costs, then it would also be possible to reduce their prices, without compromising with the quality of their products. IBM has already taken initiatives to reduce their labour costs. Danish consultants requires a high salary rate, which is why IBM DK wherever possible tries to limit the amount of these consultants. Instead they will bring consultants from India and other low cost countries to Denmark and assign them to the project that is to be executed.This allows them to sell the service for a more competitive price. It has been discussed if IBM should completely shut down its locations in the EU, and outsource the entire European operations to low cost countries – however I personally believe that this would be compromising the quality of the service provided as it surely must be necessary to have people with local market knowledge assisting on the projects. Threats: As the world continues to get smaller, IBM like other big corporations faces the challenge of outsourcing.Especially IBM Denmark is threatened by outsourcing, as Denmark has the highest tax rate in the world, which will force IBM to have higher prices, than what is offered abroad – l eaving them more vulnerable to the threat of outsourcing. Furthermore the introduction of changes in various services are not patentable (reference: http://www. mgutheses. org/page/? q=T%200984amp;search=amp;page=amp;rad=#43, page 32), meaning that the innovativeness of a company like IBM can easily be adopted by newcomers to the market.Also, as a service is not a manufactured product, but really a transaction of knowledge – it is hard to imagine that it is capital intensive to enter the service industry. Marketing mix â€Å"The marketing mix is an imperative concept in modern marketing and academically it is referred to as a set of controllable tools that the firm blends to produce the response it wants in the target market, so it consists of everything the firm can do to influence the demand for its products† (Kotler and Armstrong 2004).The easiest way to understand the main aspects of marketing is through the famous 4P’s marketing, which was introduced and suggested by McCarthy in 1960 (reference: http://university-essays. tripod. com/marketing_mix. html). It includes marketing strategies of product, price, placement and promotion. It is however interesting if this also applies to a company that sells services and not a material product. Given the unique and distinguishing features of the service industry, researchers have offered different models and approaches to the marketing of services.It is suggested that services marketing does not only include external marketing reaching the customers, but also an internal marketing strategy to motivate the employees (reference: A service quality model and its implications, Christian Gronross, vol 18, No. 4, 1984, pp. 36-44). Figure 2 – The triangle model of services marketing Company Internal MarketingExternal Marketing Employees Customers Interactive Marketing As stated above the internal marketing is for the company to motivate their employees to serve its customers in the best possible way.External marketing is when the company makes its service available to its customers to increase the demand. The interactive marketing involves to the effort of employees to win customers loyalty in the process of their interaction with the customers in delivering the services. This must be closely related to internal marketing. In IBM DK, the consultants and salespeople are paid partly in a fixed salary scheme and a variable scheme depending on their results. Furthermore these same IBM representatives will receive an annual bonus, if IBM on the given project has reached a certain percentage of profit.These incentives through salaries and bonuses can be associated to what we clarify as internal marketing. For the external marketing side – the traditional marketing mix as we know them through the 4p’s can also be applied on services marketing as they are applied on tangible goods. But it is discussed to be difficult. Which is why for services marketing, a modified marketing mix has been developed. The services marketing mix comprises 7p’s and these include the following: * Product * Price * Place * Promotion * People * Process * Physical evidenceIt is important to look closer at some of these P’s, which will be done in the following. Product: The most important question to be asked here is â€Å"are these the right products or services for our customers today†? IBM continues to be the leading innovator on the market, spending billions of dollars every year in their research centers providing their customers with the newest technologies and always making sure that the quality of the products is of IBM’s usual reputed quality. Price: As anyone ca n imagine the price of the service provided is essential for whether or not IBM wins the customer over.As soon as the appropriate experts has analyzed the pre project resources that is to be needed for the project he informs the pricing department. The pricer then based on these assumptions, inflation, currency differences, management desired PTI % (pre tax income), and our cost case calculated a price that is then been presented to the customer. Promotion: When promoting their services IBM first make rational decions on which businesses to approach. Then they divide their promotion into how big the markets are, e. g a segment could be small and medium business†. Within a specific constituency market, IBM first identifies which businesses make the most sense to connect with. Then, the IBM determines the most efficient way to reach each of them. whether through individualized marketing or a creative combination of IBM’s go-to-market strategies† IBM also enters the business community through professional associations and organizations. Such groups generate interest in IBM and may even help IBM identify new business partners. By sponsoring and participating with them, IBM is able to communicate its message of value to the member businesses.Furthermore IBM through their marketing incentives has adopted a more emotional approach in the way they promote themselves. Rai Cockfield VP Market development states that all people prior to purchase asks the following â€Å"Does this product or service meet my need? Is the company reputable? And is the price reasonable? † Today, he adds a more pressing question, â€Å"Are you reaching me in the way that I see myself? ‘ â€Å"That’s what endears a person to a company and a product,† he says. (reference: http://www-03. ibm. com/employment/us/diverse/50/ads. html. ) People: An important ingredient to any service provision, is as we have discussed above having qualified personnel. Recruiting the right staff and people and training them appropriately in the delivery of services is essential if IBM wants to continue having their competitive advantage. Providing a service is partly the quality of the service and the quality of the people that delivers it, as these are in constant contact with the customer. As mentioned above, IBM has had university partnerships in order to recruit students. Process:When selling their services IBM has two processes. Either the customer comes to IBM looking for an offer on a service they need provided. IBM then sends the appropriate people to analyse the resources that are needed to provide this service. An offer is then presented to the customer. A different process is when we have existing customers, the client manager is responsible for looking for new business services that we can provide them. And then the process starts over, in regards to presenting an offer after calculating the resources we need for the project.Conclusion IBM wants to be the leader on the Danish market. And in terms of their size we can conclude that they are close to being just that. From the SWOT analysis above we saw that IBM has the needed experience and size to be one of the biggest consultancy houses in the country and in the world. Furthermore with the increasing focus on the environment IBM has the possibility to be the leading innovator for greener solutions – an opportunity that they have successfully capitalized on through their continued research for more environmental solutions.However despite IBM being a big player on the Danish services market, it is important that they reduce their high operating costs. By bringing Indian and other low cost consultants into the game, they have somewhat succeeded in doing this as these have lower salary rates. In the marketing of services we have concluded that an external marketing effort is not enough for successfully promoting itself. An internal marketing strategy is also essential for obtaining success. IBM must motivate its employees as these are the focalpoint to customer, in which case it is important that they are motivated and happy.In promoting and marketing themselves IBM has also realised that they in today’s world they must reach their custom ers on a more personal level, and not merely connect through reputation and price. Connecting with its customers on a personal level and delivering top quality services is what keeps IBM on top of their game and in even in rough financial times they have succeeded in being one of the top choices as business partner.References Websites:http://www. entrepreneur. om/marketing/article70824. html http://www.scribd. com/doc/10999474/IBM-Strategic-Analysishttp://www. simplemarketingblog. com/2009/06/sandy-carter-integrates-social-media. htmlhttp://www. itsma. com/ezine/analytics-optimize-marketing-mix/http://university-essays. tripod. com/marketing_mix. html How to cite Ibm Marketing Mix (Denmark), Papers

Andersonville Prison Essay Example For Students

Andersonville Prison Essay When one turns on the television today they are made witness to all the crimes that are present in society. It is impossible to sit through thirty-five minutes of news without anger and rage becoming aroused. This is because society is bothered by infinitesimal paraphernalia. Society also believes in human rights and punishment for those who violate such rights. Yet what constitutes humanity? Ever sit there and watch the news and wonder just how far humanity reaches? When is it time to say this is a human rights violation? Every wonder when someones morals and ethics begin to effect their ability to do their job? Ever wonder why in every news story the bad guy always become caught? Ever wonder how many people on death row might not be guilt? Some of them could have even been used as scapegoats. Yet how does one become a scapegoat? Could someone out there have that much hatred and anger to blame one person for the faults of many? Is the need for blame significant? Does desire lead to more hatred and evil? What does it feel like to be blamed for something that might not be wrong, and to be put on trial knowing that the jury wants to blame someone? In society and in the United States since its founding, there has been a need to place blame. Imagine how the person being blamed would feel. Henry Wirz did not have to image it; he lived through it and died for it. Someone is always to be blamed, even if they were just following orders. Orders which can only go so far until humanity takes effect. Henry Wirz was used as a scapegoat for war crimes committed during the Civil War at Andersonville Prison, however that does not justify his acts or make him an American hero. Ever take a midnight train to Georgia? No, well ever drive through Georgia? When driving through Georgia on State Road 49, there is a little town called Andersonville that is very easy to miss. To many it is just another town. Yet this town has its own trail.The Andersonville Trail is a small brown dirt r oad that leads visitors to the Andersonville National Historic Site (Roberts xi). This National Historic Site looks like a well- tended national cemetery. On closer examination, this cemetery is nothing like Arlington (Roberts xi). In this national cemetery, the marble headstones are so close together, they almost touch. The markers appear to be one long headstone, as if one grave grew out of the other (Roberts xi). In these graves at Andersonville, the men are buried naked, shoulder to shoulder, under less then three feet of dirt. What is scene in the cemetery are the last vestiges of a great American tragedy (Roberts xi). This cemetery is one massive grave, were the remains of nearly 13,000 Union prisoners of war who died of disease and starvation between February 1864 and May 1865. This is Andersonville. No person who comes to Andersonville can leave without profound soul searching. Moral, ethical and factual questions come to mind. How could something as horrible as this happen? Who was responsible? Have the guilty been punished (Roberts xii)? History books forget Andersonville, the American people want to forget Andersonville, and the government denies Andersonville, yet when an event is that horrific no one can forget or deny it. As much as America wants to forget what happened at Andersonville, they will never be able to, for the ghosts of Andersonville are all around.When something this awful happens, there is a need to find a villain. There is the need to place the blame on the person whom society feels is responsible for the heinous acts. Society must be assured that the terrible events that happened at Andersonville were the work of one lone madman, who was adequately punished for his crime (Roberts xii). This punishment assures society that there is nothing wrong with the United States history, that there is nothing to hide. By punishing the madman, it proves that there is nothing wrong with our sense of justice, mercy and basic humanity (Roberts x ii). If things at Andersonville where only that simple. The town for which Andersonville Prison took its name, lies only a few feet away from the cemetery. This town has a history to be told, yet no one wants to listen. This town seems nice and quaint until one catches a glimpse at the tall granite monument that makes the towns center. The only visible writing on the monument is big bold letter is the name WIRZ. This monument is to commemorate the memory of Captain Henry Wirz. Wirz was the commander of Camp Sumter the official name for the prison that lies across the street (Roberts xii). This is the same prison that had buried men naked and shoulder to shoulder in shallow graves. The same man that society blames for these horrid acts, also has a monument dedicated to him. This man was also convicted of war crimes and became the sole murder at Andersonville. This so called murder has effect the lives of many and will effect the lives of all those who come to Andersonville. For everyone involved in Andersonville, the good and bad, the villains and the saints, and winners and the losers, they all had one thing in common: they all were effected by a little well- tended piece of southern land, this land known as Andersonville. It is small out-of-the-way place that should be obscure and forgotten(Roberts xiii). Not all who are effected by Andersonville where born there, many died there, yet they all suffered there. Every one of them has taken an Andersonville Journey (Roberts xiii). This journey is a common bond that will forever haunt those who were affected by Andersonville. During the civil war, there were many prisoners of war and not enough prisoners. The prison at Richmond was becoming over-crowded and had proved to benefited Richmond significantly. Thus the confederate army decided to open a new prison. This prison was called Andersonville. Planning for Andersonville began in November of 1863. The Confederate Secretary of War, James Seddon and Captain Sidney Winder set to work on scouting a location (Futch 3). They choose Andersonville because of the town, called Anderson at the time only had twenty people living in it, and the central location made Andersonville easily accessible. Once the land was selected the next step was to start the construction of Andersonville. In late December 1863, Captain Richard Winder received orders to proceed to Andersonville in order to supervise the creation of Andersonville. Once Dick Winder arrived in Andersonville, he noticed the steepness of the bank of the creek, upon this realization he requested and received orders to increase the size of the stockade from six thousand to ten thousand prisoners (Futch 4). Winder was promised that supplies would soon be available for the completion of Andersonville. This increase in size angered many of the neighbors, however none of the neighbors were able to foresee the immense graveyard and the intolerable stench, which would emanate form the stockade(Futch 4). The main fear of the neighbors was the damage that the Confederate guards would inflict upon the community. However neighbors complaints did not deter the Confederate Army from building their prison, work on Andersonville began in January 1864. In trying to prepare for the arrival of prisoners from Richmond, Captain Winder faced numerous difficulties. It began with is inability to obtain the food necessary for t he prisoners (Futch 5). The Confederate Army, however did aid in this problem, but were unable to offer Winder enough food for one forth of the prisoners he was expecting (Futch 6). Winder assumed he would have no problem with corn and meal, however he had no beef to give his prisoners. The sugar and flour he was able to obtain was only enough to be used in the hospital (Futch 6), this caused even more of a problem. With all the millers in the Georgia Winder hoped that they would be willing to sell their meal to the confederate army, however this unsuccessful. Thus Winder lacked everything that was needed to provision for the prisoners. A week before the first prisoner arrived, Winder was begging the other Confederate prisoners to help him. The other prisons agreed to send supplies, however just because the supplies was sent, this did not mean that they would always get there (Futch 6). Just days before the first prisoner arrived, Winder wrote to the Confederacy asking for aid. He w rote, the prisoners arrive here today. Please make some arrangements at once about my supply of bacon which will ensure me against failure (Futch 6). It seamed as though Andersonville was doomed to a miscarriage even before it began. These difficulties experienced by the architects and builders of Andersonville are suggestive of the troubles that continued to beset its administrators throughout its existence (Futch 9). Dick Winder may not have been the most suitable man for the setup of Andersonville, however it is unknown that if the failure of Andersonville was dependent on Winders own faults or the faults of the Confederate army. The prisoners of war who would die at Andersonville in the next few months would serve as a reminder of the governments attempt to do more then they were capable of doing. During Andersonvilles brief existence, many men would walk through its door, however hardly any would leave. When the first prisoner arrived at Andersonville in February, the prison wa s not yet completed (Robertson 131). It was difficult to acquire tools and lumber due to the location of Andersonville and the shortage of supplies in Confederacy. Thus there was only a headquarters, hospital, and cookhouse (Robertson 129). The prison lacked furnishings and housing for the inmates. The prisoners had to make their own shelter; most of them fashioned rude lean tents out of blankets, sticks and whatever else they could salvage (Robertson 131). Winder did make a request to the Confederate army to supply him with more tents, however this was denied (Futch 11). Yet this did not stop the Confederate Army from pouring more prisoners into Andersonville. There were 7,500 inmates by March, 15,000 by May, and 29,000 by July (Robertson 131). In August there were 33,000 people at Andersonville and each had little more then enough space to lie down. At this time, there were only four cities in the confederacy had a greater population then Andersonville. Many of the inmates who arr ived at Andersonville where amazed at their new home. Arriving prisoners saw death from the moment they set foot at Andersonville. One would see the sick lying amongst the healthy begging for food, yet there was no food to be given out. The location also shocked the Northerners. For they were on an isolated central plain in the south of Georgia. Many feared that they would never see civilization again. This was true for many of the prisoners at Andersonville. Weaving Architecture & Nature EssayCharge 3: That Wirz shot a prisoner with his own hand, on June 13, 1864. This prisoners name was never determined by the court. Charge 4: That Wirz shot a prisoner with his own hand, on May 30, 1864. This prisoners name was never determined by the court. Charge 5: That Wirz placed a prisoner in the stocks for punishment on August 20, 1864. However Wirz was not present at Andersonville in August of 1864 and the prisoners name was never determined by the court. Charge 6: That Wirz caused a man to be placed in the stocks, which resulted in his death on February 1, 1864. Wirz did not arrive at Andersonville until April 12, 1864. Charge 7: That Wirz, on July 20, 1864, chained several prisoners together and made them carry large iron balls fastened to their feet. One prisoner died as a result. Again, the prisoners names were never determined by the court. Charge 8: That Wirz, on May 15, 1864, ordered a sentry to shoot a prisoner, this resulted in his death. This prisoners name was never determined by the court. Charge 9: That Wirz, on July 1, 1864, ordered a sentry to shoot a prisoner, this resulted in his death. This prisoners name was never determined by the court. Charge 10: That Wirz, on August 20, 1864, ordered a sentry to shoot a prisoner, this resulted in his death. Wirz was not present at Andersonville in August of 1864 and the name of the prisoner was never determined by the court. Charge 11: That Wirz, on July 1, 1864, allowed bloodhounds to attack and wound a prisoner which resulted in the death of the prisoner six days later. This prisoners name was never determined by the court. Charge 12: That Wirz, on July 27, 1864, ordered a sentry to shoot a prisoner, this resulted in his death. This prisoners name was never determined by the court. Charge 13: That Wirz, on August 3, 1864, beat a prisoner with his pistol, this beating led to the prisoners death. This prisoners name was never determined by the court.He was also accused of conspiring to injure the health and destroy the lives of the soldiers in the military service of the United States (Robertson 135). The major charge against Wirz was: murder in violation of the laws and customs of war (Robertson 135). Basically, Wirz was accused of every sort of atrocity. Wirzs trial began on August 25, 1965 (Denny 370). The prosecutors manipulated evidence to suit their case and the defense was denied motion after motion (Robertson 135). The main witness in Wirzs trial was a prisoner named Felix da la Baume. Everything he said was trusted and never questioned. In fact he was appointed to the Department of Interior even before the trial began (Denny 372). This witness however was actually a federal deserter, however his testimony was never questioned, but he was dismissed form t he Department of Interior and was never heard from again (Denny 375). This is only one example of prosecutorial misconduct. They did not care about who was making the statement, but they cared about what they statement said. The prosecution would do anything to get what they wanted. Another example came in a report made by Dr. Joseph Jones. He wrote a report on the conditions of Andersonville for the Confederate Surgeon General. Jones was not allowed to testify and only parts of the report were entered into evidence. The government used what they wanted to so they would be able to incriminate Wirz (Denny 375). For all his faults, Wirz could hardly be accountable for the acute shortage at Andersonville of every necessity: food, clothing, shelter and medical care (Robertson 132). However Wirz was found guilty of all charges. In general, the trial was a witch hunt and Wirz was the witch (Denny 375). Wirzs outcome was never in doubt form the moment the trial began. The trial was gross m iscarriage of justice and no apology was ever given. On Monday November 6, 1865, President Andrew Johnson approved the sentence of hanging for Major Henry Wirz. On Friday November 10, 1865, Wirz climbed the scaffold erected near the US Capital. It was here that Wirz made his final address to the public. He said I know what orders are Major. I am being hanged for obeying them (Murphy 38). Wirz declared his innocents until the very second he was hanged. As Wirz was making his final plea, below there was a carnival like atmosphere, with people chanting Andersonville over and over again until the trap dropped and Wirz was dead. In a sense he was the last casualty of the prison camps (Robertson 135). Wirz is buried beside the conspirators involved in the assassination of President Lincoln, yet he is the only one who has a monument. Southerners have never been unanimous in venerating Wirz (Futch 121). In 1909 the Georgia Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy unvailed a monument to Wirz in the center of Andersonville (Roberts 321). They strongly felt that Wirz was condemned for following orders. However, this is not the opinion of the majority in the south. The Daughters might argue this fact, yet one can follow orders but still respect humanity. Many historians, seeking to be completely fair to both sides, have argued that the tragedy at Andersonville is simply an example of the fact that war is hell and that no one should be blamed for it. It is true that war in and of itself is one great evil, yet even though the United States was divided in a war, that does not allow the Confederate government to permit the terrible conditions that existed at Andersonville. What happened at Andersonville had a lot to do with the scarcity of men, provisions, tools, and supplies, this due to the antiquate organizat ion of the Confederacy. What happened at Andersonville was not the fault of one person but a result of the incompetent Confederate army. If the nation had not just reunited, then the odds of any trial in relation to Andersonville would be slim. The United States government saw what happened at Andersonville as an opportunity to reunite the nation. Neither side wanted something as horrid as Andersonville to happen again. This decision was the first that put northerners and southerners on the same side. Henry Wirz was not the sole person responsible for what happened at Andersonville, he was used as a scapegoat. What happened at Andersonville is the fault of the Confederacy. In attempting to fix the responsibilities for Andersonville, one should weigh the comment of prisoner David Kennedy: What a degraded nation to hold prisoners and not provide for their wants (Futch 122). The Confederacy should face the truth as did Eliza Frances Andrews, who wrote of Andersonville: it is horrible, and a blot on the fair name of our Confederacy (Futch 122). That is exactly it, Andersonville was a blot on the Confederacy not on just Wirz, yet Wirz was blamed. Does this seam fair? Hardly. What happened at Andersonville was a repercussion of the Confederacys inability, not on the inability of Henry Wirz. Bibliography Denny, Robert. Civil War Prisons and Escapes. New York, New York: Sterling Publishing Company, 1993. Futch, Ovid. History of Andersonville Prison. Indiantown, Florida: University of Florida Press, 1968. Hillstrom, Kevin. American Civil War Biographies. Michigan: The Gale Group, 2000Levitt, Saul. The Andersonville Trial. New York, New York: Random House, 1960. Murphy, Richard. The Nation Reunited. Canada: Time-Life Books, Inc. 1987Roberts, Edward. Andersonville Journey. Shippensburg, PA: Burd Street Press, 1998Robertson, James: Tenting Tonight: A Soldiers Life. Canada: The Time-Life, Inc. 1984. Shaw, William B., et al. A Photographic History of the Civil War. Six Volumes. New York, New York: The Blue and Grey Press, 1987. Words/ Pages : 4,803 / 24